ABSTRACT
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effect of buserelin on gonadal structure and function in adult male rats. Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar male rats were divided into three groups: two treated groups and controls. The first and second treated groups received 300 (low dose) and 500 (high dose) µg/kg buserelin, respectively, and the control group received normal saline. All groups were treated subcutaneously for five days. Results: The seminiferous tubular epithelial thickness was significant decreased in the treated groups compared with those in the control. There was a significant increase in apoptotic cell death in high dose treated group compared with low dose treated and control groups. No significant difference in serum testosterone level was observed after one month in the three groups. Conclusion: Buserelin induces apoptotic cell death and decreased diameter and epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubules in the adult rat testes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Seminiferous Tubules/drug effects , Buserelin/administration & dosage , Apoptosis/drug effects , Fertility Agents, Male/administration & dosage , Seminiferous Tubules/pathology , Testis/anatomy & histology , Testis/drug effects , Testosterone/blood , Buserelin/adverse effects , Rats, Wistar , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Models, Animal , Fertility Agents, Male/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and its virulent strain (cytotoxin-associated gene A: CagA) has not been evaluated in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) subgroups (erosive and non-erosive) in Iran. AIMS: This study was conducted to evaluate H. pylori infection and anti-CagA status in GERD. Setting and Design: One hundred fifty-four patients (71 male and 83 female; mean age, 42.6± 15.5 years) were evaluated for symptoms - heartburn and acid regurgitation - compatible with GERD. Materials and Methods: The esophagus was diagnosed endoscopically whether it was with erosion (erosive reflux disease, ERD) or without erosion (non-erosive reflux disease, NERD). Rates of anti-H. pylori and anti-CagA-IgG (immunoglobulin G) antibodies were determined for each subject by ELISA. H. pylori was considered by ELISA if the rapid urease test proved positive. Statistical Analysis: anti-H. pylori and anti-CagA statuses were compared in ERD and NERD patients with and without related IgG antibodies. Mean values and P values were calculated using SPSS (version 12). Results: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 75.3% (116/154). Anti-CagA antibody was found in 60.3% (70/116) of infected patients. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with NERD and ERD was 81.2% (56/69) and 70.6% (60/85), respectively (OR= 0.56; 95% CI [confidence interval]= 0.26-1.20; P= .14). The prevalence of anti-CagA antibody in infected NERD and ERD patients was 58.9% (33/56) and 61.7% (37/60), respectively (OR= 1.16; 95% CI= 0.49-1.70; P= 0.83). Conclusion: The results showed that more than 70% of the patients, either NERD or ERD, acquire H. pylori infection. Anti-CagA antibody is also common in patients with reflux disorders in our community.